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SUDS techniques

SUDS are made up of one or more structures built to manage surface water runoff. They are used in conjunction with good management of the site, to prevent flooding and pollution. There are four general methods of control:

• Prevention

• Filter strips and swales

• Permeable surfaces and filter drains

• Infiltration devices

• Basins and ponds

These controls should be located as close as possible to where the rainwater falls, providing attenuation for the runoff. They also provide varying degrees of treatment for surface water, using the natural processes of sedimentation, filtration, adsorption and biological degradation.

SUDS can be designed to function in most urban settings, from hard-surfaced areas to soft landscaped features. The variety of design options available allows designers and planners to consider local land use, land take, future management and the needs of local people when undertaking the drainage design, going beyond simple drainage and flood control. The range of options means that active decisions have to be made that balance the wishes of different stakeholders and the risks associated with each option.